CLUSIA PITCH APPLE
This remarkable evergreen tree, standing 25 to 30 feet tall with a wide-spreading, densely-foliated canopy, commands admiration with its short trunk and broad, thick dark green leaves that evoke the elegance of Southern magnolia foliage. In Cuba and the Virgin Islands, it is cherished as an ornamental treasure. Notably, its leaves can be inscribed upon with a fingernail. During summer nights and sometimes into overcast mornings, it graces us with striking pink and white flowers measuring 2 to 3 inches across that bloom near the branch tips. These blossoms give way to fleshy light green fruits that are poisonous at 3 inches in diameter; they mature by turning black and splitting open to reveal bright red seeds encased in a black resinous substance. These vibrant seeds attract birds and wildlife alike while germinating easily in their natural surroundings. Historically significant, the black resin was once utilized for caulking boat seams—a fact that lends this tree its evocative common name: ‘Pitch-apple.’
Height: 25 to 30 feet
Spread: 15 to 25 feet
Crown uniformity: symmetrical
Crown shape: round, spreading
Crown density: dense
Growth rate: moderate
Light requirement: full sun
Soil tolerances: clay; sand; loam; alkaline; acidic; well-drained
Drought tolerance: high
Aerosol salt tolerance: high Texture: coarse
Pitch apple is a versatile plant that thrives in conditions ranging from full sun to dappled shade. It adapts well to various soil types, with the fastest growth occurring in moist soils. Its resilience to light, open sands and salt spray makes it particularly suited for seaside locations. Often chosen as a screen for its low spreading habit, pitch apple is excellent for cooling building walls during the summer months. While some maintenance is necessary—such as trimming prop and aerial roots that emerge from the trunk base and lower branches to prevent it from overtaking an area—it generally requires little upkeep. When lower branches are pruned, it transforms into an appealing small to moderately-sized street tree, though some may find the falling fruits and thick leaves slow to decompose undesirable. Providing dense shade, a patio can remain cooler beneath its canopy. It’s important to water plants thoroughly until they are established; once rooted, these trees grow rapidly and robustly.